مقدمه
کلاژ به عنوان روشی برای طراحی معماری منظر سالهاست که به همت دکتر علی اصغر ادیبی در گروه معماری منظر دانشگاه تهران در طرح یک مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. تجربه سی ساله ایشان در کاربرد این روش در طراحی معماری دست مایه مقاله ای گردید که مشترکاً از سوی ایشان، پرستو عشرتی، سیده سمیه طاهری موسوی و مریم فرهادی در کنفرانس بین‌المللی سیلا که در سال 9-2008 میلادی در آریزونای آمریکا برگزار شد، ارائه گردید.
کلاژ به عنوان روشی در طراحی معماری منظر از بدو تأسیس رشته معماری منظر در دانشگاه تهران از سوی دکتر علی اصغر ادیبی در آموزش طرح یک به کار می‌رود. قریب به سی سال است که ایشان این روش را در آموزش طراحی معماری نیز به کار می برند. حاصل تجربیات ایشان در کاربرد کلاژ در آموزش معماری اخیراً در کتابی با عنوان “تکه‌ انگاری، روشی در طراحی معماری” از سوی انتشارات دانشگاه تهران به چاپ رسیده است. مقاله “کلاژ: روشی کاربردی در آشکارسازی حافظه پنهان” در بخش “آموزش معماری منظر” کنفرانس بین‌المللی سیلا 9-2008 به بیان تجربیات کاربرد این روش در طراحی معماری منظر می‌پردازد. این کنفرانس که از سوی انجمن دانش آموختگان معماری منظر آمریکا در تاریخ 28 تا 31 ژانویه 2009 در آریزونای آمریکا برگزار گردید.

واژگان کلیدی: معماری منظر، روش طراحی، کلاژ، کنفرانس سیلا

نویسندگان این مقاله عبارتند از:
علی‌ اصغر ادیبی (استادیار دانشکده معماری پردیس هنرهای زیبا دانشگاه تهران)
پرستو عشرتی (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد معماری منظر پردیس هنرهای زیبا دانشگاه تهران)
سیده سمیه طاهری موسوی (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد معماری منظر پردیس هنرهای زیبا دانشگاه تهران)
مریم فرهاد (پژوهشگر دکتری معماری، ژاپن)

Collage: THE PRACTICAL WAY TO REVEAL HIDDEN MEMORY

Dr. AliAsghar Adibi (Assisstant-Professor in College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran)
Parastoo Eshrati( M.A. student in Landscape Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran; passed Landscape Design (I) by this method)
SeyedehSomayeh Taheri Moosavi (M.A. student in Landscape Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran; passed Landscape Design (I) by this method and is an assistant for the professor in Faculty of Art & Architecture, Shiraz Islamic Azad University)
Maryam Farhadi (Ph.D. student in Architecture, Japan; was an assistant for the professor in College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran)

BRIEF SUMMARY:

“The collage” is a path toward the hidden corners of “our” mind in searching for the spring of images which flows out of our heart free from scale, time and space. This method seeks two key goals: Nurturing power of creativity; Promoting sense of self-esteem and self-confidence. These are realities which the professor will discuss in his students’ works.

ABSTRACT BODY:
This panel introduces the method to challenge architects along with cognizing themselves. A challenge familiarizes an individual with the hidden corners of his material and spiritual life, and leads him toward the creation of spaces. To achieve this goal we should have a reference to our own hidden memory in order to discover the rich and lively spaces which are blended with the very existence of human

Collage derived from the French word, coller, means to glue is a work of art. It makes an assemblage of different parts to create a new whole. This Technique was first used in China around 200 BC. Cubist painter, Pablo Picasso, was the first person who used it for artistic purpose and after that Le Corbusier was akin to collage. Collage as a theoretical concept only became widely discussed after the publication of Collage City by Colin Rowe and Fred Koetter in 1978.

Two main subjects encourage partners to offer their professor’s thirty years experience in education by entitling Collage as a design method: professional education is not considered in universities for more than one century. Moreover, on experts’ believes, the design process in landscape architecture, objective-subjective themes, is differ from architecture one. In order to Dr. Adibi perception, it makes the right cerebral hemisphere, the place of imagination, active and revivals the images of the students’ hidden memory.

The design process is not an instructive and pre-determined process, but it is the product of the subjective and objective activity with a complicated mechanism of both creative and logical actions
Before starting collage you should always think deeply and analyze the ideal spaces of the offered project, but you shouldn’t plan a scenario concerning different parts of one whole. Many journals will be leafed and different resources will be overviewed. Desirable pictures will be separated and kept in a file. Tools are these pictures, needles, a paper in A3 format, and a broad foamie. The designer will initiate in choosing from among the selected pictures. The first picture plays an important role in the work because it implies the feeling of the designer toward the subject. You can imagine the numerous works created based on the designers’ personalities. Other pieces of collage are then chosen and put together on a paper with a proper cut. This action won’t limit the creation of new concepts. Transparency and composition are two key points, and enriching the abstract feature is the vital characteristic in creating spaces

By focus on the method, these ultimate purposes are followed: Melting of relatively frozen minds, upgrading the power of imagination and creation of the mind, promoting the sight and more scrutinized analysis of the spaces.

Keywords:
Landscape Architecture, Design Method, Collage, self desirable spaces

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